Management Information System
Introduction and Information Architecture
Management Information System
Functions of MIS
Determination of information needs
How much? How, when and by whom? What?
Information Gathering and Processing
Evaluation – Abstraction – Dissemination and Storage
Information Use
Accuracy – Form – Timeliness
Right information to the right decision maker at the right time
Management Information System
Management Information System
Difference between Data and Information
Data is un interpreted raw statement of facts
Information is an aggregate of facts so organized as to provide the desire knowledge
Data can be defined as groups of non – random symbols (words, values, figures) which represent things that have happened.
Obtained by research or observation – Raw or basic data – External or internal sources of data
May be produced as an automatic by product of some routine but essential operations
Management Information System
Information is data that have been interpreted and understood by the recipient of the message
Process of thought and understanding involved
Can have different meanings to different people
Data which have been analyzed, summarized, or processed in some other fashion to produce message or report which is conveniently deemed to be management information only becomes information
User who determines whether a report contains information or just processes data
User’s requirements, education, position in the organization, familiarity with language, and the context
Management Information System
Qualities of Good Information
Accuracy
Timeliness
Completeness
Conciseness
Relevant
Frequency
Understandable
Management Information System
Needs of MIS
Managers work in information shadow
Deal with information about the events
Rely on information to make decisions
Production managers – Production costs, Labor costs, Machine costs, Overhead costs
Marketing managers – New product development, new product sales trend, selling costs, market research, sales territories
Personnel managers – Workforce turnover, absenteeism, employee skill level, labor markets, wage level
Management Information System
Management Information System
Implementing an MIS
More information is better
Managers actually needs all the information
If managers are given all the necessary information they need, they will make better decisions
More information communication means better performance
Managers do not have to understand how the MIS works in order to use it
Management Information System
Implementing an MIS
Users should be involved in the design and implementation of the system
Time and cost factors associated with the system must be accurately assessed
Human problems need attention
MIS performance goals must be stated at the outset
Understandable training and directions for users must be provided especially when a computer is part of the MIS
Management Information System
An Information architecture
Designing and Constructing as well as style of designing and constructing
How this information is broken into manageable pieces and distributed across disciplines such as marketing, accounting, finance and production
How various part of a system interconnect or communicate with each other
Anthony’s Triangle
When an information system is applied to accomplish a predefined goal, we call the tool an application
Division A – Division B
Marketing – Production – Human Resources – Finance
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